Besides alcohol, which of the following is commonly found in hand hygiene products as an antimicrobial agent?

Chlorohexidine is widely recognized for its effectiveness as an antimicrobial agent in hand hygiene products. It is particularly valued due to its broad spectrum of activity against bacteria, including gram-positive and gram-negative organisms, as well as some viruses. This compound works by disrupting the cell membrane of bacteria, leading to their death, which makes it highly effective in reducing the microbial load on the skin.

In addition to its immediate antimicrobial action, chlorohexidine has residual activity, which means it continues to protect against microbial growth even after the product has dried. This characteristic is particularly beneficial in healthcare settings where the risk of infection is heightened.

While other agents like hydrogen peroxide and iodine also possess antimicrobial properties, they are not as commonly used in hand hygiene products as primary agents compared to chlorohexidine or alcohol. Hydrogen peroxide is often more suitable for disinfecting surfaces rather than skin, and iodine can be irritating and has a strong odor, which may not be ideal for frequent hand use. Benzalkonium chloride is a quaternary ammonium compound that has antimicrobial properties, but it is less effective than chlorohexidine in certain situations.

Therefore, the prominence of chlorohexidine in hand hygiene products identifies it as a leading alternative to alcohol in achieving