What is the minimum temperature a steam sterilizer should reach to achieve sterilization?

In the context of steam sterilization, achieving effective sterilization requires specific temperatures to eliminate all forms of microbial life, including highly resistant spores. The minimum temperature that a steam sterilizer should reach to ensure this level of sterilization is 121 degrees Celsius.

At this temperature, combined with the appropriate pressure and exposure time, the steam effectively penetrates items being sterilized, allowing the moist heat to denature proteins, disrupt cell membranes, and ultimately kill bacteria and spores. This temperature is supported by established guidelines and protocols within infection control practices, ensuring maximum efficacy in maintaining patient safety and preventing infection risks in healthcare settings. The other temperature options provided do not achieve the same level of sterilization effectiveness recognized in medical practice.